G&A STRUCTURE CLARITY

General and Administrative (G&A) at Break-Even: Why the Rate Changes, Why the Dollars Don’t — and Why It Matters

Most contractors don’t lose money because they’re bad at their trade. They lose money because G&A is misunderstood, misapplied, or ignored.

FOR THE ASTUTE CONTRACTOR® KEEP READING ↓
Does our G&A rate look too high?
Why does the rate change when the dollars don’t?
Which base should we actually be using — TCI or VAB?

First: What G&A Actually Is (and Isn’t)

Let’s clear up the biggest misconception. If you don’t recover G&A, you are subsidizing your customers.

G&A is not:

  • A markup
  • A padding factor
  • A plug number to “make pricing work”

G&A is:

  • Ownership & executive compensation
  • Admin, accounting, legal, compliance
  • The cost of running the business before you touch a job
Both FALIB (Mr and Sr) reports explicitly identify and isolate G&A as a real, allowable cost pool — not a blended overhead guess.
8.50%
TCI Base

Total Cost Input base makes the % look lower because the base is larger.

17.50%
VAB Base

Value-Added Base excludes pass-through, so the same dollars yield a higher %.

35.00%
Single Element Base (Direct Labor)

Direct labor bases concentrate recovery into fewer dollars—often spiking the rate.

Same G&A dollars — different base behavior.

TCI vs VAB: Same Dollars, Different Rates

Changing the base changes the percentage — not the dollars. Servvian calculates G&A dollars first, then applies those dollars to the appropriate base structure.

Break-Even Means Full Cost Recovery

Break-even does not mean payroll is covered.

Break-even means every allowable cost required to operate the business has been recovered.

  • Busy
  • Cash-flow positive
  • Still structurally unprofitable

Under-recovered G&A is the usual culprit.

The Servvian Planning Rule: One Base

Forward planning starts with a single-element base.

Direct base labor wages only.

  • Prevents compounding distortions
  • Keeps rates auditable and defensible
  • Aligns with accepted allocation standards

Burden, overhead, and G&A are layered after the base — never blended into it.

Rates Are Outputs, Not Inputs

If you choose a G&A rate first, the model is already broken.

The correct order:

  • Identify real costs
  • Select the correct base
  • Calculate the rate

This sequencing guarantees the math always reconciles.

General and Adminstrative (G&A Rate) vs Overhead (OH)

General and Administrative (G&A) and Overhead are often conflated, but they serve different purposes and must be treated separately. Overhead captures costs that directly support production or delivery—such as supervision, indirect labor, and operational support—and is allocated to the work being performed. G&A, by contrast, represents the cost of running the business itself, including leadership, finance, legal, HR, IT, and corporate infrastructure, and it applies across the entire enterprise. Overhead varies with operational volume; G&A exists regardless of project mix. When these are blended, costs become obscured, margins appear inflated, and break-even becomes unreliable. Servvian separates Overhead from G&A to preserve cost visibility, ensure proper recovery, and maintain defensible pricing, turning indirect costs from a rough estimate into a controlled, auditable structure. 

Disclaimer:
The information provided is for educational and planning purposes only. G&A methodologies and base selection (TCI or VAB) must be evaluated based on each company’s specific cost structure, contract type, and regulatory environment. Servvian does not provide legal, tax, or government compliance certification advice. Contractors are responsible for ensuring alignment with applicable accounting standards and contractual requirements.